Why is Russia Run by Gangsters? An Exploration of Cultural and Historical Factors

Introduction

The question of why Russia is often associated with organized crime is complex and multifaceted. It often goes beyond simple criminal activities to delve into cultural, historical, and political roots. This article aims to explore the reasons behind this phenomenon and the broader implications for both Russia and its international relations.

Cultural and Historical Roots of Organized Crime in Russia

The relationship between organized crime and governance in Russia can be traced back to its historical and cultural context. Organized crime tribes and states share similarities, much like a state is the derivative of a tribe, with organized crime often seen as the illegitimate offspring. The question should not focus solely on why certain states embrace organized crime but rather why some are able to distance themselves from it.

Historical Context

During the Soviet era, the culture and socioeconomic structure did not provide a solid foundation for democracy and capitalism. The collapse of the Soviet Union left many in Russia without a clear direction, leading to a period of chaos and instability. The rise of organized crime during this time was not just a result of political vacuum but also the codification of corruption into bureaucratic structures, where merit played a secondary role.

Political Corruption and the Rise of Oligarchs

The transition from Communism to a market economy was marred by corruption and nepotism. Figures like Yeltsin, who had a background as a black marketeer, capitalized on this situation. Those who effectively hidden assets during the communist era were well-positioned to seize opportunities in the new economy, often at the expense of the broader population. Organized crime and state functions merged, with leaders indifferent to the moral implications as long as corporate loyalty was maintained.

Role of Organized Crime in the Putin Era

Under Putin, tolerance for organized crime increased as long as it served political ends. The growing oligarchy was allowed to operate as long as they remained loyal to the Kremlin. This symbiotic relationship led to a significant concentration of wealth among a small elite, exacerbating social inequalities and undermining democratic institutions.

International Perceptions and Criticisms

International criticism of Russia's governance often focuses on its darker aspects. However, it is important to note that similar critiques can be levied against other nations, including the United States. For instance, the Trump-era Capitol riot and ongoing controversies like the Hunter Biden scandal, shady deals with Ukraine, and allegations of drug use also raise questions about political corruption and ethical standards.

external Influences and Lessons

The failure of international institutions, such as NATO and the EU, to adequately support Russia in setting up democratic institutions after the collapse of the Soviet Union contributed to the current situation. Focusing on creating a market-oriented economy without accompanying democratic reforms left a power vacuum easily filled by organized crime and authoritarian leaders.

Conclusion

The issue of Russia being run by gangsters is deeply rooted in its cultural and historical context. Understanding this context is crucial for addressing the broader issues of political corruption, organized crime, and the challenges of building democratic institutions. The international community must reflect on its role and the need for comprehensive support in fostering sustainable democratic transitions.

Keywords: organized crime, political corruption, Russian oligarchy, state functions, cultural and historical factors