Why Reservations Benefit Some and Haunt Others in India

India's reservation policy, a cornerstone of its socio-political system, has been both a beacon of social justice and a contentious issue. While some SC/ST/OBC students bask in the advantages, others, such as General Category students, often find themselves struggling. This article delves into the reasons behind the frustrations and disparities caused by the reservation system, highlighting its implications and calling for a need for change.

Advantages and Disadvantages of the Reservation System

The early reservations system was designed to uplift marginalized communities (SC, ST, OBC). Those who availed themselves of these opportunities and continued to contribute to governmental service have indeed reached the top of their careers. Many have enjoyed benefits such as free college fees, hostel charges, and scholarships, enabling their children to attend elite institutions and secure better educational opportunities. However, the system has also been criticized for perpetuating generational disparity and fostering a sense of injustice.

For instance, a 40-year-old General Category individual like myself, who studied in a government college, faced immense hardships. My parents could not afford to provide proper education, and I had to rely on drinking free cooler water that was exclusively available to Brahmins at night. In contrast, Reserved Students enjoyed luxuries such as free tiffin in hostels, which was a stark contrast to my experiences.

The Impact of Reservations on Opportunities

The impact of reservations on educational and career opportunities is a contentious issue. Reservation benefits have indeed opened doors for many, but it also raises questions about merit and fairness. Reservation holders often have a higher chance of receiving educational opportunities and better placements. For example, a student with the same rank as a reservation holder might get a preference in admissions to prestigious colleges over a General Category student. This disparity has led to numerous cases where qualified General Category students face rejection from top institutions due to availability in the reserved categories.

Moreover, this system has prolonged the cycle of social and economic disparity. While some reserved students excel and secure prestigious posts, the general category students continue to face challenges. This has fueled a sense of injustice and frustration, particularly among Brahmin students and general category communities who feel that they are being sidelined.

The Need for Reformation

The reservation system, while intended to address historical injustices, has become a political tool and a source of conflict. The maintenance of a high reservation quota, especially at 60 percent, has led to a political stalemate. If any attempt is made to reduce the quota, it could lead to a civil unrest. Critics argue that the system has become outdated and should be reformed. The focus should be on identifying and supporting those who are truly underprivileged, while also ensuring merit-based admission processes.

Internationally, several countries have quota systems in place to support underprivileged groups, but these systems are not as stringent or pervasive as in India. The need for a more targeted and efficient reservation policy is essential. Changing the system to cater to modern-day challenges and removing outdated categories could lead to a more equitable society.

Conclusion

The reservation system in India, while historically and socially significant, has evolved into a complex issue. While it has helped uplift marginalized communities, it has also created a divide and fuelled resentment. It is high time that the system is reformed to be more inclusive, merit-based, and targeted. The need for a revised approach is imperative to ensure a fair and just society for all communities in India.