Why Do We Close the Eyes of the Deceased?

Humans have a long and complex relationship with death. Throughout different cultures and belief systems, there have been various traditions and rituals performed to ensure the dignity and peace of the deceased during the preparation for their final resting place. One such practice is closing the eyes of the deceased, an act often portrayed in movies and literature. But why do we do this? Let's delve into the reasons behind it.

Superstitious Reasons for Closing the Eyes

One of the primary reasons for closing the eyes of the deceased dates back to ancient times. In centuries past, it was believed that if the dead were able to "see" their way to the grave, they might bring anyone they saw with them in death. This superstition is rooted in the idea of the soul leaving the body but still possessing a degree of awareness or consciousness.

Ancient Greek Practices

In ancient Greece, coins were placed on the eyes of the deceased to pay the ferryman, Charon, so that their souls could cross the River Styx and enter the afterlife smoothly. This practice signifies the importance of ensuring the deceased’s passage to the next world. Similarly, in Victorian England, silver coins were used for the same purpose, serving as a form of payment for the soul's transition.

Modern Practices

Today, the act of closing the eyes has evolved with the use of more modern tools. For instance, plastic fillers are often used during wakes to ensure the deceased's eyes remain closed and maintain a natural appearance. This is not only respectful but also helps to provide comfort to mourners who might find it unsettling to see a dead person with open eyes.

Post-Mortem Mechanisms: Why Eyes Stay Open

While the act of closing the eyes is a practice, it is also driven by the natural processes of the body after death. During the natural, post-mortem process, the various muscles in the body, including those that control the eyelids, relax. This relaxation turns the eyes partially open, which can be a disturbing sight for many mourners.

Physical Changes After Death

As the body cools and the facial muscles relax, the eyes may also show signs of changes like flattening and becoming milky in appearance. This effect can be particularly unsettling and is often compared to the eyes of a zombie in horror films. This change in the appearance of the eyes is a result of the complete relaxation of the muscles that normally keep the eyes open.

Superstitions and Modern Practices

While modern practices aim to provide a dignified and respectful way to pay our final respects to the deceased, the persistence of ancient superstitions has an enduring influence on how we treat the body. For example, while coins are no longer used and are replaced by plastic fillers or other materials, the act of closing the eyes remains a significant element in the funeral process.

Practical Steps: Closing the Eyes During Funeral Services

During the funeral service, the embalmer or a designated person will give a final touch to the body, including closing the eyes. This step is crucial in maintaining the proper presentation of the deceased and providing comfort to the family and close friends. Some families might choose to use weighted contacts or even small weights to keep the eyelids closed if plastic fillers are not preferred.

Conclusion

From ancient coin placement and superstitious beliefs to modern-day procedures and tools, the act of closing the eyes of the deceased is a practice steeped in both tradition and science. It serves not only as a sign of respect and finality but also as a means to provide comfort and dignity in a time of great loss.