Unraveling the History and Purpose of Orthanc in Middle-earth

Orthanc, a formidable tower in the land of Middle-earth, has played a significant role in Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings. Many questions surround its origins, its builders, and the significance it held, particularly when Saruman took control. This article delves into the history of Orthanc, its construction, and the motivations behind the structure's creation. Additionally, we will explore how Saruman acquired the keys to Orthanc and scrutinize the claim of a powerful ring inside it.

Orthanc: A Tower of Gondor

Orthanc stands as a resilient and strategic tower, built in the Second Age by the people of Gondor, the descendants of the Numenoreans. It served as an outpost for the defense of Gondor's northern flank, ensuring the safety of the kingdom from potential threats. The tower was constructed with the intention of maintaining order and providing close communication with the capital.

The Construction and Early History of Orthanc

The creation of Orthanc was rooted in the early days of Gondor's existence. The Numenoreans, known for their advanced engineering and fortification skills, constructed the tower to fortify Gondor against potential adversaries. As Gondor dwindled in population during the Third Age, Orthanc became less frequented and was located in the remote region of Calenardhon, which later became the lands of Rohan.

The Keys and Saruman's Arrival

The keys to Orthanc were initially held by the Stewards of Gondor. When Saruman, a member of the White Council and a powerful mage, sought a residence, he was granted the keys, a decision made by the Stewards who believed that Saruman's proximity to Gondor and Rohan was beneficial. Given Saruman's status as an ally and a key figure in countering Sauron, the Stewards viewed his presence as a strategic advantage.

No Ring within Orthanc

There is no historical evidence or information within Tolkien's works to suggest that a powerful ring was ever placed inside Orthanc. This claim is likely a misunderstanding or a creative misinterpretation of the text. In the context of the narrative, Orthanc contained the Palantir, a powerful crystal ball used for long-distance communication. The tower's primary purpose was defensive, ensuring that Gondor could maintain its borders and communicate effectively.

Further Motives and Functions

Confident in the strategic importance of Orthanc, the Gondorians maintained it as a vital outpost. The tower's function extended beyond mere defense; it served as a means of quick communication with the capital and the seat of power. Throughout its history, it was the residence of powerful commanders and, at times, even members of royal blood.

The Role of the Rohirrim

The keys to Orthanc were eventually given to the Rohirrim, the Riders of Rohan, following their alliance with Gondor. The Rohirrim, having played a significant role in aiding Gondor, were entrusted with the responsibility of maintaining the fortress. Saruman's acquisition of the keys followed a similar pattern, with the current custodians granting him access based on his perceived alliance and strategic value to their kingdom.

Conclusion

The rich tapestry of Middle-earth's history is filled with the intriguing details of Orthanc. From its construction by the Numenoreans to its role as a bastion of Gondor, the tower's significance is clear. Saruman's control over Orthanc was a strategic move, influenced by the declining power of Gondor and the need for a powerful wizard to reside near the perpetually growing threat of Sauron. The tower, however, never contained a powerful ring, further cementing its place in the annals of Middle-earth's history.