Understanding the Concept of ‘Nothing but Matter Exists’

Introduction

The statement 'nothing but matter exists' has profound implications in the realms of science and philosophy. According to this belief, the universe is composed entirely of matter, and everything else is an aspect of this material reality. This concept is explored through the fundamental properties of matter as described by scholars, including crucial insights from Vázquez-Reyna in 2008.

The Fundamental Properties of Matter

First Property: Indestructibility and Infinite Quantity - Vázquez-Reyna describes matter as indestructible and existing in infinite quantity. This property implies that nothing can cease to exist and new matter is always being created, as described by conservation laws. The universal order stems from the unchanging nature of the components of matter.

Second Property: Impenetrability at Short Distances - Matter is described as impenetrable at short distances. Each particle of matter occupies its own space, and at larger distances, the spaces of atoms overlap, forming ordinary space. The spaces between particles cannot be vacated as they themselves constitute matter.

Atomic Composition of Matter

Third Property: Composition of Atoms - Matter is composed of atoms, which are the basic building blocks of all matter. These atoms have intrinsic energy or inertia and differ from one another in their characteristics, leading to the generation of movement and resistance to it. Energy and inertia, being the distinguishing features of matter, give rise to forces and motion. Thus, all chemical elements are made up of these atoms, which can be combined to form molecules and, ultimately, all matter in the universe.

Interactions and Associations of Atomic Particles

Fourth and Fifth Properties: Contradiction and Association - Atoms with energy contradict those with inertia, yet they exist in harmony as they apply forces externally. These atoms are the building blocks of elements, and their interactions result in the ponderable nature of matter. Furthermore, atoms are associated by their essence, leading to both movement and rest. Dynamic associations generate universal movement, life, and evolutionary integration, while static associations generate gravity and inertia, promoting rest in the universal process.

The Objective and Knowable Nature of Matter

Sixth Property: Independence from Observation - The existence and mode of existence of matter are independent of observation. Matter exists whether or not it is observed, establishing its objective character. This property underscores the inherent reality of matter and its ability to exist independently.

Seventh Property: Self-Knowledge - Matter can be known through itself, as it is an integrated whole. This property suggests that matter generates knowledge of itself without the need for external observation or intervention. Knowledge of matter is thus internal and immanent.

Eighth Property: Immanence of Properties - The properties of matter are inherent to it and are not created but exist naturally.

The Evolutionary Nature of Matter

Ninth Property: Life as a Property of Dynamic Matter - The property of life is attributed to dynamic matter, manifesting as organic life when a dynamic entity reaches a certain level of integration. This level is exemplified by archaea, bacteria, and algae, where individuation first appears. Consciousness, a higher form of life, later evolved in beings that have achieved the highest level of integration.

Understanding the fundamental properties of matter as described above provides a profound insight into the nature of existence. This concept not only helps in comprehending the physical world but also delves into the philosophical underpinnings of reality, existence, and the nature of life itself.

Conclusion

The notion that 'nothing but matter exists' is a cornerstone of modern science, providing a solid foundation for understanding the universe. Through the exploration of matter's properties, we can better appreciate its role in the creation and evolution of life, as well as the inherent order and structure of the cosmos.