The Tory Legacy: Why Conservatives Are Still Called Tories Nearly 200 Years Later

Introduction to the Term "Tory"

The term "Tory" has a rich and complex history in British politics. It began as an insult and has evolved into a significant component of British political identity. This article will delve into the origins of the term "Tory," its evolution, and why the Conservative Party is still associated with it nearly two centuries after the change in name.

The Origins of "Tory": A Term of Contempt

The nickname 'Tory''s origins trace back to the 17th century during the Exclusion Bill Crisis of 1678-1681. 'Tories' opposed the Exclusion Bill, which aimed to prevent James Duke of York, a Catholic, from succeeding to the English throne. Their opponents, the Whigs, used the term "Tory" as an insult, associating them with outlaws and robbers. Interestingly, the word 'Tory' is derived from an old Irish word meaning 'a robber' or 'an outlaw.'

The Evolution of Politics: Tories versus Whigs

Before the modern political parties, the Tories supported the monarchy, while the Whigs often had anti-monarchical views. Over time, these parties underwent significant changes. The Tory party eventually morphed into the Conservative party, while the Whigs transformed into the Liberal party in the 19th century.

The Liberal Prime Minister and the Rebranding

Sir Robert Peel, a Liberal prime minister, employed the term "Conservative" for the first time in his Tamworth Manifesto of 1834. He aimed to rebrand the party to distance it from negative connotations and solidify its position as a defender of tradition and order. Despite this, the term "Tory" remained in circulation, often used by opposition parties to portray the Conservative Party as outdated and resistant to change.

Modern Politics and the Resurrection of "Tory"

Today, the term "Tory" is still associated with the Conservative Party. This is due to several reasons. First, it serves as a marketing strategy. When Conservative representatives make door-to-door visits or call for support, they often want to present themselves as more than just a typical "conservatory salesman." The term "Tory" adds gravitas and a historical connection to the party's past, which can be a persuasive tool in political campaigns. Second, opposition parties often use the term to paint the Conservatives as stuck in the past, a strategy that can be effective in inflaming public opinion.

The Contemporary Political Landscape

In recent years, the Conservative Party has faced a significant challenge in its attempt to align itself with the traditional definition of "conservative." In the 2020 election, UKIP (UK Independence Party) garnered 4 million votes, and millions of voters stayed home, resulting in a victory for the Labour Party, which received fewer votes than in 2019 but secured a landslide victory. This scenario underscores the complicated nature of British politics, where parties often fall short of expectations even when they win.

Conclusion

The term "Tory" remains a fascinating and complex component of British political discourse. While it originated as an insult, its continued use by the Conservative Party reflects a strategic blend of heritage and modern political messaging. As British politics continues to evolve, the term "Tory" is likely to remain a prominent and sometimes contentious part of political language.

pKeywords: Tory, Conservative Party, Political Nicknames/p