The Role of Free France Army in the Allied Invasion of Sicily

The Allied invasion of Sicily, known as Operation Husky, was a significant turning point in World War II, strategically paving the way for the Italian campaign. While the focus often lies on the American, British, and Commonwealth forces, the participation of the Free France Army in this campaign deserves recognition. Following the Tunisian campaign, the Free French forces, which were primarily ex-Vichy French units that switched sides, played a crucial role in aiding the Allied forces during Operation Husky.

The Marrakesh Fighters and Tabors

During the campaign in Tunisia, Moroccan units, such as the goumiers and tabors, demonstrated remarkable courage and determination. Specifically, the 4th Moroccan Tabor, a unit comprising about 500 to 900 men, with some French officers, was part of the invasion of Sicily. These units, alongside their Allied counterparts, managed to take light casualties, with a dozen being wounded or killed in action (KIA).

The Morocco-based units, including the Moroccan Goumiers and Tabors, impressed officers like General Patton and other American commanders with their bravery and tenacity. This was particularly notable in light of the challenging conditions they faced.

The Free French Air Force Contribution

Despite the challenges faced, the Free French Air Force also played a significant role in the invasion of Sicily. Three P-40 Warhawk fighter squadrons participated in the operation. One of these squadrons, the Lafayette Escadrille, which was an American squadron during World War I, took part in the action. Their contribution, though restrained due to operational limitations, was crucial in providing air support to the Allied forces on the ground.

Limited Participation of the Free French Army

Contrary to the significant involvement of their air force, the Free French Army's participation during the invasion of Sicily was comparatively limited. The newly formed French army was still in the process of reorganizing and rearming with American weapons, such as the M10 Destroyer, M1 Carbines, Sherman tanks, and artillery. The effects of the Tunisia campaign were dire, as the French army bore heavy casualties due to the use of obsolete equipment. As a result, only the French air force and French commandos were actively involved in the operation.

The Free French forces, though limited in their direct impact, contributed significantly to the Allied success through their courage, training, and strategic importance. Their participation paved the way for further Allied advancements in the Italian campaign and demonstrated the potential and resilience of the Free French forces.

Overall, the Free French Army's role in Operation Husky underscores the complexity and diversity of Allied forces during World War II. It highlights the challenges faced by newly formed and reorganized forces and the contribution of individual units to the larger Allied objectives.