The Production and Distribution of Balao-Class Submarines
The Production and Distribution of Balao-Class Submarines
The wartime construction of U.S. Fleet Submarines began with the Gato class, followed by the Balao class, and concluded with the Tench class. A detailed examination of the construction history shows that the submarines were not built in a sequential manner for each class. This article provides a comprehensive look at the production and distribution of Balao-class submarines.
Introduction to Balao-Class Submarines
The Balao class was a significant milestone in the wartime construction of submarines. The production of Balao-class submarines was divided into several stages to meet the urgent demands of the war. Understanding the production and distribution of these submarines helps in comprehending the historical context of the mid-to-late stages of World War II naval operations.
1942 Construction Programme
The 1942 construction programme authorized 30 Balao class submarines, designated as SS 285-314. All of these submarines were completed as Balao class. This initial batch set the foundation for the larger production that was to follow.
1943-1944 Construction Programme
The 1943-1944 construction programme intended to produce an additional 120 Balao-class submarines, assigned serial numbers SS 315-434. However, the actual production facing several challenges. Some of these submarines were cartridges or changed during their construction stage.
Cancelled Submarines
A total of 16 submarines were cancelled, specifically SS 353-360, 379-380, and 429-434. These cancellations were likely due to the evolving needs of the war and the allocation of resources to more urgent or effective projects.
Reordered and Completed as Other Classes
Out of the 120 authorized, some submarines were reordered or completed as other classes:
4 submarines completed as Gato class (SS 361-364) 8 submarines completed as Tench class (SS 417-424) 2 submarines delivered incomplete for trials (SS 427-428) 1 submarine completed as a Guppy II post-war submarine (SS 416)The specific changes made to these submarines during the construction process meant that a total of 119 submarines were eventually completed as Balao class, with the remaining 16 being cancelled or reordered as other classes.
1945 Construction Programme
The 1945 construction programme aimed to build an additional 110 Balao class submarines, designated as SS 435-544. However, this plan faced significant changes. Of the 110 authorized, 63 were re-ordered as Tench class submarines, and 47 were cancelled.
Cancelled and Reinstated Submarines
Out of the 47 cancelled hulls, 3 were reinstated as Tench class submarines. This brought the total numbers to 66 Tench class submarines and 44 cancelled Balao class submarines.
Total Production
The total number of Balao class submarines built was 122, consisting of 119 completed as Balao, 2 incomplete, and 1 Guppy class conversion (SS 416).
Conclusion
The historical context of the Balao class submarine production provides valuable insights into the strategic and logistical challenges faced during World War II. Understanding the distribution and production of these submarines is crucial for naval historians and enthusiasts alike.