The Impact of Popular Movies and Books on Society in the 20th and 21st Centuries

The influence of popular movies and books on society can often be profound, but which medium has a greater impact? This question is best answered by considering a variety of factors, including audience reach, cultural context, and the longevity of their influence. As we explore this question through the lens of several notable examples, it's clear that both movies and books have unique strengths and can leave lasting marks on our society.

Reach and Accessibility

Popular movies and books both have the potential to shape societal norms and perceptions, but their methods of impact differ. Movies generally have a broader audience due to their visual and auditory nature. They can reach millions within a short time through theaters, streaming platforms, and television. Books, on the other hand, can also reach large audiences, though their readership is typically smaller. However, certain books can become cultural phenomena, inspiring discussions and movements over time.

Cultural Influence

Movies often shape societal norms and perceptions quickly, especially through powerful visuals and performances. For instance, One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975) shone a light on psychiatric hospitals and helped pave the way for deinstitutionalizing thousands of psychiatric patients. The movie won the Oscar for Best Picture and Best Actor for Jack Nicholson. However, this film was based on a book by Ken Kesey, illustrating how movies can popularize books with powerful messages.

Books can influence thought and provoke deeper reflection. The Godfather (1972) has such an impact on our culture that it led to a book called The Godfather Effect (2012), describing it as a "turning point in American cultural consciousness." However, the movie was based on a book by Mario Puzo, showing how books can inspire films with lasting cultural impact.

Longevity

The impact of movies can be fleeting, while books often have a longer-lasting influence. Movies may be remembered for decades or may fade quickly from public consciousness. In contrast, books can be revisited and studied over time, with literary classics frequently incorporated into educational curricula. For example, The Wizard of Oz (1939) remains socially relevant today, offering insights into how society can shape our self-perceptions. This work was based on a book by Frank L. Baum, illustrating how literature can endure and evolve over time.

Gone with the Wind (1939), while a significant movie, had a profound impact on American culture, particularly in perpetuating the "lost cause" mythology of the Civil War. This example highlights the potential for movies to have both positive and negative influences, depending on the societal message they convey.

Emotional and Intellectual Engagement

Movies have the power to engage audiences emotionally through visuals and sound, creating immediate and powerful reactions. For instance, The Planet of the Apes (1968) questioned human morality and left a lasting impact with its powerful twist ending. Schindler's List (1993), directed by Steven Spielberg, brought attention to Oskar Schindler's deeds and educated millions about the Holocaust.

Books, while requiring more active engagement, can provoke introspection and critical thinking. For example, Forrest Gump, Blade Runner, Jaws, and To Kill a Mockingbird are not necessarily the biggest blockbusters but have left a significant cultural impact. These films often draw from books, highlighting how important stories with powerful themes can reach a broader audience through both mediums.

Conclusion

Ultimately, the impact of a popular movie or book on society depends on the specific work and the societal issues it addresses. Movies may have a more immediate and broad influence, while books often provide deeper, more reflective engagement that can lead to lasting societal change. Both mediums can leave a profound mark on society, making it essential to consider the content, context, and the lasting legacy of each work.

From psychiatric reform to Civil War mythology, from human morality to historical education, both movies and books have shaped our society in powerful and lasting ways. The key lies in the stories they tell and the messages they convey.