The Impact of Citizen Kane on William Randolph Hearst

Introduction

William Randolph Hearst, a powerhouse in journalism, was deeply affected by the release of Orson Welles' controversial film, Citizen Kane. The film, particularly the use of the name 'Rosebud,' triggered a series of events that left a lasting impact on Hearst's media empire and personal reputation. This article explores how the film 'Citizen Kane' affected William Randolph Hearst.

The Controversy Surrounding 'Rosebud'

When Hearst saw 'Citizen Kane,' the use of the name 'Rosebud' struck a chord. As widely rumored to be a reference to Hearst's childhood sled, the inclusion of this name in the film was seen as an insult. This controversial use of his past led to intense scrutiny and an aggressive backlash from Hearst, who banned any advertising or mentioning of the film in his newspapers and even had journalists libel Orson Welles.

The Aftermath and Legal Battles

The incident surrounding 'Citizen Kane' went beyond just a verbal clash. Hearst's actions were extreme, as he went to the extent of banning every newspaper and station in his media conglomerate from reviewing or even mentioning the film. He also imposed a ban on many movie theaters, resulting in a significant impact on the film's box office performance. Despite these efforts, the film eventually saw a limited release and was well-received by critics.

Public Perception and Box Office

Despite Hearst's efforts to suppress the film, Citizen Kane managed to achieve modest commercial success, grossing $2.3 million in its release year, which was still short of its creators' expectations. However, the film's critical acclamation was significant, with Time magazine even branding it as the most sensational product of the U.S. movie industry that year. This success was a testament to Welles' innovation, narrative techniques, and the dark themes explored in the film.

The Documentary and Legacy

Decades later, the battle over 'Citizen Kane' was depicted in the Oscar-nominated documentary 'The Battle Over Citizen Kane,' which laid the blame for the film's relative failure squarely at the feet of Hearst. The documentary highlights how Hearst's actions, while significant, were not the only reason for the film's modest commercial performance.

Personal Consequences and Security Concerns

The impact of 'Citizen Kane' on Hearst was not limited to his media empire. The tone of their relationship had changed, and this was evident in personal incidents as well. Welles faced considerable security threats, including an alleged plot to kidnap him or his wife. These events left a lasting impression on Welles and altered the dynamics of their relationship.

Long-Term Impact

Years after the release of 'Citizen Kane,' references to Hearst's life and career increasingly included a mention of the film. In 2012, the Hearst estate even agreed to screen the film at Hearst Castle, breaking the long-standing ban on its screening. This is a testament to the enduring impact of 'Citizen Kane' on Hearst's legacy and the broader narrative surrounding him.

In conclusion, 'Citizen Kane' had a profound impact on William Randolph Hearst, affecting not only his media empire but also his personal life. The film's significance in shaping public perception and its lasting legacy in pop culture cannot be overstated.