How Many Maratha Warriors Were Killed in the Battle of Panipat?

The Battle of Panipat, fought in 1761, marked a significant turning point in Indian history. While estimates vary, historical records suggest a staggering death toll among Maratha warriors and accompanying civilians. This article delves into the details of the battle and provides a comprehensive account of the casualties among the Maratha forces, focusing on the tragic loss of key figures from the Maratha army.

Overview of the Battle of Panipat

The Battle of Panipat in 1761 witnessed a fierce confrontation between the Maratha confederacy and the Afghan forces led by Ahmad Shah Durrani. It was one of the largest battles in Indian history, with an estimated 60,000 soldiers and 40,000 civilians lost. The battle was fought near the city of Panipat, north of Delhi, and played a critical role in shaping the political landscape of the region.

Major Maratha Losses

The Maratha Empire suffered a significant toll, with almost 30,000 military personnel killed in the battle. The civilian population that accompanied the Maratha army also sustained heavy losses, with an estimated 70,000 civilians perishing. Among the key figures who lost their lives were:

Vishwasrao

Vishwasrao (also known as Shahu II), the son and heir to Nanasaheb Peshwa, did not fare well in the battle. He was among the prominent figures who lost their lives, showcasing the harsh realities of the battlefield.

Sadashivrao Bhau

Sadashivrao Bhau, the Commander-in-Chief of the Maratha army, fought bravely but met his end in the battle. As the cousin of Nanasaheb Peshwa, his demise was a loss that hit the Maratha court hard.

Shamsher Bahadur

Shamsher Bahadur, the half-brother of Nanasaheb and the son of Mastani, was also among the fallen warriors. His loss is recorded as a significant tragedy during the Battle of Panipat.

Jankoji Shinde

Jankoji Shinde, a key figure in the Maratha army, was captured during the battle. Instead of finding mercy, he was brutally killed, marking a brutal end to his military career.

Ibrahim Khan Gardi

Ibrahim Khan Gardi, who served as the Chief of Maratha artillery, was another casualty. After being captured, he faced severe torture and was ultimately killed, highlighting the brutality that unfolded in the aftermath of the battle.

Others Killed

Other notable figures who lost their lives in the battle include:

Govind Pant Bundela Damaji Gaikwad Vitthal Vinchurkar Sidoji Garge

The list extends to many other Maratha warriors who bravely fought but never made it back home. Their untimely deaths are a somber reminder of the sacrifices made in pursuit of victory in the Battle of Panipat.

Survivors and Their Fates

While many Maratha warriors met their end on the battlefield, several key figures managed to survive and continue their quest for glory. Mahadji Shinde, a notable survivor, was badly injured but ultimately rescued by a man named as Rane Khan. Malharrao Holkar, seeing the tide against him, retreated from the battle, and along with it, he escorted the Peshwa family and other women to safety. Despite his safety, Nana Phadnavis, another survivor, successfully managed to escape from the devastated battlefield. These figures became instrumental in the Maratha resurgence and continued to shape the political and military landscape in the region.

Conclusion

The Battle of Panipat remains a poignant reminder of the human cost of war. While it marked a significant defeat for the Maratha Empire, the memory of the brave warriors who laid down their lives and their survival stories continue to be celebrated. Understanding the massive toll, from Vishwasrao to Jankoji Shinde, helps us appreciate the sacrifice made in the pursuit of strategic military victories and the lasting impact of the battle.

References

For a deeper understanding, refer to:

Vertices History: Battle of Panipat The Maratha Empire: A Historical Overview Maratha Warriors: Battles and Legacies