Scottish Highlanders: Their Shields and Battle Tactics

The Scottish Highlanders, known for their distinct appearance and fierce fighting skills, often utilized a specific type of shield called the targe. This round shield was instrumental in their battlefield strategies and formed a crucial part of their defensive and offensive capabilities.

Introduction to the Targe

A targe was a small round shield that typically measured around the size of a large dinner plate. This protective tool was made primarily from wood and covered in animal skin, often deer hide. The targe was designed with both practical and tactical functionalities in mind, making it a highly versatile weapon during medieval and early modern battles.

Key Features and Uses of the Targe

The principal purpose of the targe was to protect its wielder from the pointed tips of their enemies' bayonets. The targe's leather covering was ideal for catching and deflecting these sharp points, allowing the Highland warrior to maneuver and force the bayonet downwards away from their body. Once this was achieved, a Claymore, a famously long and broadsword, could be brought down with force onto the enemy's head or shoulders, often resulting in a quick and decisive end to the attack.

Countermeasures and Innovations

The effectiveness of the targe was countered by British soldiers who had a slightly more advanced approach. Standing to the side of the attacked person, a soldier would thrust his bayonet into the armpit of the arm that was raised high for the downward sword stroke. This strategic positioning allowed them to disengage the targe from the Highland warrior's offensive actions.

Historical Observations and Misconceptions

Misconceptions and anecdotes about the targe's usage can often be exaggerated or misinterpreted. For instance, one such anecdote suggests that in office meetings, a targe could be useful for deflecting missiles. While this is a humorous exaggeration, it does highlight the versatile nature of the targe's design. However, it is important to remember that targes were primarily a battlefield tool and not intended to guard against office-related projectiles.

Additional Insights

Historians such as M BAILLIE have documented the targe's features in great detail, including its metal spike at the front of the shield. This spike was designed to further protect against bayonets and other sharp objects. Additionally, Highland warriors often carried a dirk, a small knife, in the same hand, allowing them to slash and poke effectively.

Cultural Impact and Modern Interest

The targe remains an important symbol of Scottish history and Highland culture. Its unique design and functionality have made it a subject of fascination for modern enthusiasts, film makers, and historians alike. For instance, the author of this article has held a Targe on set during the filming of the movie Mary Queen of Scots, illustrating its ongoing cultural relevance.

Conclusion

The targe played a significant role in the battle tactics of Scottish Highlanders. Its design, practicality, and effectiveness made it an invaluable piece of equipment for warriors on the battlefield. From deflecting enemy bayonets to providing a base for unleashing a powerful slash with the Claymore, the targe exemplifies the ingenuity and combat skills of these mighty Highland warriors.