Understanding Russian Organized Crime: Terminology and Structures

In this article, we will explore the unique terminology and structures associated with Russian organized crime. While the concept of 'mafia' as it is known in Western culture may not directly apply, the Russian criminal underworld has developed its own distinct systems and terms. Let's delve into the various names and terms used to describe these groups.

The Term 'Mafia' in Russia

It is important to note that the term 'mafia' as we understand it in Western countries, such as Italian or American mafia, does not exist in Russia. The Russian criminal underworld has its own traditions and structures that are rooted in a different historical and cultural context. While there are some similarities, the terminology and organization differ significantly.

Common Names for Russian Organized Crime Groups

Often, Russian organized crime groups are referred to as 'организованная преступная группировка' (ORG), which translates to 'organized criminal group.' There are various names used for different types of groups, including:

Банда (BanDa): This term is used for a smaller, more loosely structured criminal group. Группировка (Gruppovishche): A larger and more structured criminal organization. Братва (Brotva): This term carries a sense of brotherhood and family, reflecting the patriarchal nature of these groups.

Key Roles and Terminology

The individuals within these groups also have specific roles, each with its own unique terminology. Here are some key terms used in the Russian criminal underworld:

Главарь (Glavary): This term refers to the leader or head of a criminal group, often translated as 'boss' in English. Пахан (Pakhans): Informally, this term can mean 'father' and is used to refer to the head of a criminal group. Шестерки (Shestorki): This term refers to the lowest rank within the group, often compared to the lowest rank in a deck of cards. Авторитет (Avtoritet): This term translates to 'authority' and refers to someone with a high level of influence within the criminal community. Вор в законе (Vor v Zakone): This term is used to describe a criminal with the highest authority within the criminal community, often compared to the concept of the 'godfather' in Western mafia culture. This individual is known for their capability to resolve disputes and enforce laws within the criminal world.

Modern Organized Crime in Russia

Over the past two decades, the situation in Russia has dramatically changed. Many major organized crime groups have either been eliminated or have formed close ties with the authorities through corruption and other mechanisms. Today, these organized crime groups are often seen as part of Putin's criminal regime.

While the terms 'мафия' (mafia) and 'организованная преступность' (organized crime) are still used, the frequency of their usage has decreased. Instead, the term 'семья Путина' (Putin’s family) is more commonly used by the public to refer to the entourage or network of loyalists surrounding Putin.

Conclusion

The terminology and structures of Russian organized crime reflect a unique blend of tradition and contemporary practices. Understanding these terms can provide insight into the complex and often-hidden world of Russian criminal organizations. While the exact structures and terms may differ from the Western mafia, the principles of loyalty, power, and control remain fundamental.