Public Perception of FDR During and After WWII

Understanding FDR's Legacy in WWII

During World War II, President Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) garnered wide support from the American people. However, he faced criticism from various quarters for his approach to the war and other national policies. These critics believed that while many initially supported a "get Japan first" strategy in reaction to Pearl Harbor, Roosevelt's focus on Nazi Germany as the greater threat was misguided. Additionally, conservatives fiercely opposed the New Deal, arguing that any expansion of presidential power, even in the context of the war effort, represented a step towards monarchism or dictatorship.

While these dissenting voices were not in the majority, they were vocal enough to be significant. After the war, FDR was revered as a great and visionary leader. Much of this adoration was due to the fact that he, like Abraham Lincoln, died before the war's end but left the country on a positive path to victory.

Roosevelt's Final Years and Death

As FDR prepared for his fourth presidential run in 1944, his health began to decline drastically. In March 1944, a medical examination revealed various heart ailments, high blood pressure, and bronchitis. Those close to the President noticed his haggard and weak appearance, his flagging energy, and increasing memory lapses. Despite rumors about his health, Roosevelt managed to deliver key speeches and performances in 1944, quelling public concerns.

Despite his declining health, Roosevelt won a fourth term in 1944 and presided over the 1945 Yalta Conference, which put immense strain on his already fragile condition. In April 1945, Roosevelt returned to Warm Springs, Georgia, a favorite retreat since the 1920s. On April 12, while sitting for a portrait, he collapsed and died suddenly from a cerebral hemorrhage, at the age of 63.

Truman's Reaction and the Transition of Power

The passing of Franklin D. Roosevelt stunned the American public and the world. Harry Truman, who had become Vice President in January 1945, was particularly shocked by Roosevelt's sudden death. Prior to becoming Vice President, Truman had little to no contact with Roosevelt since their roles had been largely separate. Truman was initially reluctant to accept the VP position but agreed when Roosevelt insisted strongly.

On the day of Roosevelt's death, Truman was having drinks with his friend Sam Rayburn after the Senate had concluded its business. A call informed him to go immediately to the White House entrance. Upon arrival, Truman was met by Eleanor Roosevelt and was informed of the President's passing. Truman, along with Bess Truman, Eleanor Roosevelt, and several Cabinet members, took an oath of office in the Cabinet Room the same day.

Truman's ascension to the presidency marked a significant transition, with the country mourning the loss of a beloved and consequential leader, while the world promptly responded with solemn and mournful recognition.