Exploring Moses' Prophetic Concerns and Pluralis Majestatis in Hebrew Torah

Moses, a central figure in Judaism, is revered for the Torah he wrote. Interestingly, his prophetic concerns are reflected in his writings, specifically regarding the use of the Hebrew word 'Elohim'. This article delves into Moses' warnings regarding the misinterpretation of his scriptures by pagan heretics, particularly Trinitarians, and the subsequent prohibitions within Judaism on teaching these texts to such individuals.

Teaching Restrictions in Judaism

According to rabbinical writings, specifically Bereshit Rabbah 8:8, Moses himself expressed concerns about how the Hebrew word ‘Elohim’ could be misused by heretics to support claims of a trinity. These heretics, such as Trinitarians, incorrectly interpret the plural form of ‘Elohim’ to mean three distinct persons of God. This concern led to a decision by Judaism to restrict the teaching of the Tanach, or Hebrew Bible, to heretical Christians, notably Trinitarians.

Moses' Prophetic Warnings and Responses

Moses' origin story and his role as a prophet are integral to understanding his concerns. In Bereshit Rabbah 8:8, it is said that when Moses wrote the phrase "Let Us make man," he asked God, "O Sovereign of the Universe, why furnish an excuse to heretics?" In response, God replied, "Write as you will, for whoever wishes to err may err." This exchange reveals Moses' frustration with the potential misuse of his teachings and his desire to prevent misinterpretation.

Understanding Pluralis Majestatis in Moses' Writings

The use of "Let Us" in the phrase "Let Us make man" (Genesis 1:26) is an example of Pluralis Majestatis, a rhetorical device where the plural form is used to refer to a singular subject, often indicating majesty, authority, or the inclusion of divine messengers. This technique was likely employed to emphasize God's power and greatness.

Ezra 4:18: An Example of Pluralis Majestatis

Another example of Pluralis Majestatis is seen in the text of Ezra 4:18, where the king's letter is quoted: "The letter which ye sent unto US hath been plainly read before ME." Here, the plural form 'US' is used to emphasize the king's authority and the nature of his divine intervention.

Moses' Teachings about Jesus and Trinitarian Misinterpretations

Moses' teachings go beyond the use of certain Hebrew words. According to Bereshit Rabbah 8:8, Moses had prophetic insights about the figure of Jesus. Moses warned that Jesus is not God, not a blood brother of Jews, and not a savior. These statements stem from Moses' understanding of prophecy and human limitations, particularly regarding the concept of human sacrifice.

Moses' Prophetic Insights into Jesus' Identity

1. Not God: Similar to John's baptism of Jesus, Moses taught that Jesus still needed future prophecies and instructions from both Moses and Elijah during the event of transfiguration.

2. Not a Blood Brother: Moses taught that Jesus, being an outcast and considered a Mamzer, lacked the genuine Jewish lineage of fatherhood.

3. Not a Savior: Moses taught that human sacrifice was not part of his teachings and thus Jesus could not be considered a savior.

Conclusion

Moses' warnings and prophetic insights are reflected in his writings, particularly in the use of the Hebrew word 'Elohim' and in the phrase "Let Us make man." These teachings highlight the importance of proper interpretation and understanding of religious texts, addressing the potential for misinterpretation and misusage by heretics. Moses' concerns about Pluralis Majestatis and his teachings on Jesus serve as valuable lessons for future generations in understanding and maintaining the integrity of religious texts.