Introduction to Hamlet's Worst Decisions

The character of Hamlet, in Shakespeare's renowned play, is often considered a figure of tragic complexity. His numerous decisions throughout the play lead to both immediate and long-lasting consequences, ultimately contributing to the tragic outcome. Among these decisions, the duel with Laertes, his treatment of Ophelia, and the accidental killing of Polonius are arguably the most significant missteps.

Accepting the Duel with Laertes

Accepting the duel with Laertes represents a pivotal moment in Hamlet's journey, leading to his untimely demise. Although he is somewhat coerced into this confrontation, Hamlet's pride and desire to reclaim his honor make him a reluctant participant. However, his underestimation of Laertes' skill and the treachery of the arrangement orchestrated by Claudius ultimately seal his fate.

Shakespeare employs the duel as a plot device to illustrate Hamlet's vulnerability and the escalating tensions within the royal court. The duel is rigged with a poisoned sword and a poisoned drink, which Claudius uses to ensure Hamlet's end. This decision reflects Hamlet's failure to see beyond his initial pride, highlighting the consequences of his actions.

Harsh Treatment of Ophelia

Hamlet's harsh treatment of Ophelia is another significant misstep that exacerbates the play's tragic trajectory. In Act 3, Scene 1, when Hamlet confronts Ophelia, he exhibits a profound lack of understanding and empathy. His erratic behavior and rejection of Ophelia contribute to her emotional breakdown, leading to her eventual madness and tragic death.

Hamlet's inability to navigate his complex feelings and the consequences of his actions on those he loves is vividly portrayed through this scene. Ophelia's fragile emotional state is already compromised, and Hamlet's actions push her over the edge. The scene underscores the importance of emotional intelligence and the impact of one's actions on others.

Accidental Killing of Polonius

Hamlet's most immediate and severe misstep is the accidental killing of Polonius, whom he mistakes for Claudius behind the arras. This act not only gives Claudius the upper hand but also drives Ophelia mad, leading to her tragic demise. Moreover, it fuels Laertes' hatred towards Hamlet, setting the stage for the final confrontation.

Shakespeare uses this incident to illustrate Hamlet's impulsive nature and his failure to control his emotions. The accidental killing of Polonius serves as a turning point, revealing Hamlet's lack of maturity and the far-reaching consequences of his actions.

Delay and Missed Opportunities

Hamlet's decision not to kill Claudius during his prayer scene is another critical misstep. Although Hamlet has moral and religious reasons against it, the irony lies in Claudius's admission that he was not truly praying, as he admits, "My words fly up, my thoughts remain below. Words without thoughts never to heaven go." This gives Hamlet a moral justification to take action, but he hesitates, potentially missing an opportunity to end the suffering.

Furthermore, Hamlet's inability to understand others’ perspectives is evident in the scene where he and Laertes fight over Ophelia's grave. Hamlet struggles to grasp why Laertes hates him, even though the reason is obvious to others. Horatio’s attempt to intervene and cancel the proposed duel emphasizes Hamlet's difficulty in understanding the emotional dynamics around him. The readiness for death, as Hamlet lamented, indicates his ultimate acceptance of his fate.

Conclusion: The Impact of Hamlet's Decisions

Hamlet's series of missteps—from accepting the duel with Laertes, to his treatment of Ophelia, to his accidental killing of Polonius, to his missed opportunity to kill Claudius, and his inability to understand others—contribute to the play's tragic outcome. Each decision highlights the complex interplay of emotions, moral dilemmas, and the consequences of action versus inaction. Shakespeare's portrayal of Hamlet as a flawed yet deeply introspective character provides insights into the human condition and the enduring themes of tragedy.