Exploring Ethnomusicology through Research and Cinematic Practices
Introduction to Ethnomusicology and Cinematic Research
Research in ethnomusicology is a nuanced intersection of cultural studies, musicology, and anthropology. In recent times, cine-ethnomusicology has emerged as a significant subfield, focusing on the musical cultures depicted in films and documentaries. This form of research allows for a deeper understanding of how music encapsulates and communicates cultural values and identities. The discipline has seen remarkable growth, with prominent scholars like Benjamin Harbert leading the charge towards a more integrated approach of film studies and ethnomusicology.
Documentation Challenges in Nigerian Ethnomusicology
In many African countries, including Nigeria, there has been a significant loss of cultural values enshrined in music due to modernization. This loss is not just limited to the musical field but also permeates the humanities and arts. The disciplinary research in Nigeria faces substantial challenges, particularly in the documentation of music.
Historically, the pre-colonial and post-colonial periods in Nigeria have seen a decline in the quality of archival records due to inadequate education on these topics. This has led to a knowledge deficit in the documentation of Nigerian musical traditions. An effective archiving system is vital for the preservation of these cultural assets. Ethnomusicologists have a crucial role in this documentation, not only for the scientific study of music but also for the broader cultural context it represents.
North American Ethnomusicology and the Pop Music Phenomenon
Across North America, the study of pop music through ethnomusicology has been a focal point for scholarly interest. Over the past 25 years, there has been a significant expansion in research, leading to a challenge in the liberal inclusionist paradigm. This has led to a critical reassessment of how popular music is perceived and studied within the academy.
The debate around the formation of the Popular Music Section (PMSSEM) within the Society for Ethnomusicology further highlights the intellectual vibrancy of this field. The research on pop music has fostered heated discussions on issues such as cultural representation, media studies, and neoliberalism's impact on academic discourse.
Participatory Ethnomusicology in Brazil: A Case Study
The Brazilian context provides a unique perspective on ethnomusicological research, especially when it comes to the role of participatory methodology. Researchers in this region often engage with communities directly, highlighting the significance of participatory action research methods.
A notable initiative from the group Escuta Baixada in the metropolitan region of Baixada Fluminense (Rio de Janeiro) exemplifies this approach. Utilizing tools from popular education and audiovisual production, this group helps residents construct their own self-representations. This process has led to a profound reflection on the cultural, social, and political issues faced by residents in light of symbolic and physical violence.
The research conducted by Escuta Baixada has demonstrated the power of participatory ethnomusicology in fostering community engagement and self-awareness. By placing the interests and voices of the local population at the core of the research process, these initiatives have produced tangible changes and insights into the complex dynamics of urban life.
Conclusion and Future Directions
As ethnomusicology continues to evolve, it is clear that the discipline is poised for significant growth and innovation. The integration of cinematic practices and the adoption of participatory methodologies offer promising avenues for future research. By focusing on documentation challenges, the study of popular music, and community-based research, ethnomusicologists can contribute to a more comprehensive and inclusive understanding of music and culture.