Analysis: Would Sauron Betray Saruman If Their Alliance Had Been Maintained?

The question of whether Sauron would have betrayed Saruman, even if their alliance had been maintained and Sauron had reached Isengard, is a complex one rooted in the themes of power, ambition, and betrayal in J.R.R. Tolkien's works. Understanding Sauron's motivations and previous actions provides valuable insights into this scenario.

Nature of Sauron

Characterized by an insatiable desire for absolute power and control, Sauron has a history of manipulation and betrayal. His past relationships, including those with the Nazguls and even Morgoth, showcase this pattern. Sauron has a long history of serving under more powerful entities, offering loyalty only as long as he continues to gain advantage. This background suggests that sustaining an alliance with Saruman would not have been immune to Sauron's manipulative nature.

Saruman's Ambition

The initial head of the Istari wizards, Saruman, became increasingly power-hungry and sought the One Ring for himself. His ambition went beyond mere counsel, aiming to become a power in his own right. Saruman's relationship with Sauron would likely not have been any different. He may have seen Sauron as a means to an end, using his influence to further his own ambitions.

Mutual Distrust

Both characters possess a deep-seated mistrust of one another. Sauron might have viewed Saruman as a potential rival, especially if Saruman succeeded in amassing power. On the other hand, Saruman could have feared being overshadowed or betrayed by Sauron, given Sauron's nature. This mutual distrust creates a volatile alliance that is prone to break down.

Potential Outcomes

If Sauron had reached Isengard, it's plausible that he would have sought to dominate Saruman either by force or manipulation. While they might have collaborated initially, Sauron’s ultimate goal would likely involve subjugating Saruman, especially if he perceived Saruman as a threat to his plans. Sauron's history of dominance and manipulation indicates that he would not have allowed a powerful ally to challenge his authority.

While a brief alliance could have been beneficial, Sauron's nature suggests that betrayal would have been inevitable. Sauron would likely see Saruman as a tool to be used until he could be discarded or neutralized.

My Revision of Sauron's Rulership

Previously, I thought Sauron would have captured Saruman and imprisoned him, breaking him to ensure loyalty. However, upon reconsideration, I now believe that Sauron thought in terms of rulers and subjects, not betrayal. Sauron has a long history of serving powerful entities, offering loyalty only as long as he obtained advantages. He has had servants, generals, and slaves, including Southrons, Easterlings, and Númenóreans. He has even utilized beings like Shelob, a demon or quasi-Maiar, for his purposes.

Given Sauron's history, it's more likely that he might have kept Saruman as a powerful but not entirely trusted servant. Saruman could have been sent to organize the fall of the Blue Wizards and their cults, or other such tasks that would be useful to Sauron while keeping Saruman under control. This tactic aligns with Sauron's previous behavioral patterns, where he ensures his subordinates remain useful until they are no longer needed.

In summary, while an alliance between Sauron and Saruman could have been initially beneficial, Sauron's nature and ambitions suggest that betrayal or control would have been inevitable. Sauron's desire for control would likely lead him to manipulate or dominate Saruman once he deemed it advantageous.